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A solid material dispersed in a liquid requires an additive to make the dispersion process easier and more stable – this is the role of the dispersing agent, or dispersant.Dispersants deflocculate solids and thus significantly reduce the viscosity of a dispersion or paste. As a result of this effect
Dispersants are widely used to improve dispersion stability. According to the DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Vervey, and Overbeek) theory, particles in aqueous media can be agglomerated when van der Waals attraction is greater than electrostatic repulsion (Verwey et al., 1999; Derjaguin and Landau, 1941).
A dispersant or a dispersing agent or a plasticizer or a superplasticizer is either a non-surface active polymer or a surface-active substance added to a suspension, usually a colloid, to improve the separation of particles and to prevent settling or clumping. Dispersants consist normally of one or